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Which analyte is most critically affected in a hemolyzed specimen?
Glucose
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
The correct answer is: Potassium
Potassium is significantly affected in a hemolyzed specimen due to its location and movement within the body. Inside the red blood cells, potassium is predominantly found, and when these cells are hemolyzed, potassium is released into the surrounding plasma. This elevation in potassium levels can lead to falsely high results in laboratory tests, which is clinically important as it can mimic conditions such as hyperkalemia. While glucose, sodium, and calcium levels can also be impacted by hemolysis, the degree to which potassium is affected is much more pronounced. Hemolysis can result in a rapid influx of potassium into the serum, which is crucial for laboratory personnel to recognize, as it can lead to misinterpretation of a patient's electrolyte status and potential treatment decisions. Understanding this critical effect helps in ensuring accurate clinical assessments and managing patients effectively.